THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF A PROGRAM FOR THE CORRECTION OF DEPRESSIVE STATES IN ADULTS WITH ACQUIRED VISION LOSS

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to provide a theoretical and methodological substantiation of an author’s program for the correction of depressive states in adults with acquired vision loss and to define its conceptual foundations, construction principles, content components, and main directions of correctional and rehabilitation work. The study has a theoretical and methodological character. The research procedure included theoretical analysis of scientific sources, generalization and systematization of approaches to supporting persons with visual impairments, as well as structural and functional modelling of the program content. The methodological basis of the study is formed by systemic, biopsychosocial, correctional and rehabilitation, and interdisciplinary approaches. These approaches make it possible to consider depressive states after vision loss not only as an emotional response to loss, but also as a factor related to adaptation, independence, social participation, and involvement in the rehabilitation process. As a result, the content of the author’s program “The Path to Recovery: Overcoming Depression in Vision Loss” was substantiated. The program is considered as a component of comprehensive psychological, pedagogical, and rehabilitation support for adults with visual impairments. Its main components were defined: diagnostic, correctional, educational and informational, supportive, and integrative. The modular structure of the program was described, including stabilization and motivation, cognitive restructuring, behavioral activation and social integration, relapse prevention, and future planning. It is shown that the program is aimed not only at reducing depressive manifestations, but also at developing emotional self-regulation, forming adaptive coping strategies, supporting independence, accepting social support, and gradually restoring the person’s active participation in daily life. It is concluded that the proposed program has an integrative character and a clear adaptive and rehabilitation orientation. Its implementation may contribute to improving the quality of comprehensive support for adults with acquired vision loss. Further research should focus on empirical verification of the program’s effectiveness in individual, group, and distance formats.