SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF LOGODIAGNOSTICS OF PERSONS WITH STUTTERING

Abstract

The article analyzes scientific, theoretical and experimental foreign sources on the problem of logodiagnostics of stuttering in children. It is emphasized that it is the preschool age that is sensitive to the appearance of various speech disorders, among which stuttering occupies a significant place. This, in turn, determines the need for timely detection of speech disorders in children and the use of effective logopsychosynergetic correction tools.

The purpose of the article is to analyze modern foreign sources taking into account prognostically valid promising methods for studying people with stuttering. While writing the article, we used theoretical methods, in particular, the analysis of scientific psychological and pedagogical, special speech therapy, and medical literature on the problem under study.

We studied physiological, linguistic, and biocybernetic theories that reveal the mechanisms of stuttering. An analysis of modern foreign sources was carried out taking into account prognostically valid methods, which allowed us to identify at least six directions of prospects for stuttering diagnostics. An analytical review of foreign studies was conducted, which contributed to the systematic tracing of the correlation of modern foreign theories, empirical studies, and practical challenges.

It is emphasized that currently generally accepted in foreign practice neuropsychological, biometric diagnostic indicators through functional transcranial Doppler, magnetic resonance imaging or diffusion tensor imaging, which allows assessing the integrity of white matter and interhemispheric integration of the brain, are unfortunately practically not used in Ukrainian scientific research. It is emphasized that the improvement of domestic special education requires efforts and resources for multi-team interaction from participants in the correctional and developmental process, which indicates the need for a comprehensive approach to the development of diagnostic criteria, which should take into account both general and partial parameters of developmental disorders.

The modern epistemology of speech disorders requires greater methodological flexibility from domestic empirical approaches: a transition from description to interpretation, from a single clinical case to a structural analysis of speech processes. The inclusion in the diagnostic arsenal of not only speech therapy but also neurocognitive indicators, logopsychosynergetic parameters and psychophysiological methods (rhythm stimulation tests) would allow a deeper understanding of the nature of stuttering in preschool age, providing not only practical, but also scientifically sound diagnostics.